DR APJ ABDUL KALAM BIOGRAPHY.

                                    REMEMBERING THE MISSILE MAN OF INDIA.

                                            DR APJ ABDUL KALAM.
                                       (October 15, 1931-July 27, 2015)

Early life-

Avul Pakir Jainulabdeen Abdul Kalam was born on 15 October 1931 to a Tamil Muslim family in the pilgrimage centre of Rameswaram   on Pamban island, then in the Madras Presidency and now in the State of Tamil nadu.
 His father Jainulabdeen Marakayer was a boat owner and imam of a local mosque; his mother Ashiamma was a housewife.
 His father owned a ferry that took Hindu pilgrims back and forth between Rameswaram  and the now uninhabited Dhanushkodi. Kalam was the youngest of four brothers and one sister in his family. 
His ancestors had been wealthy Marakayar traders and landowners, with numerous properties and large tracts of land.
 Even though his ancestors had been wealthy Marakayar traders, the family had lost most of its fortunes by the 1920s and was poverty-stricken by the time Kalam was born.
 Marakayar are a Muslim ethnic found in coastal Tamil Nadu and Sri Lanka who claim descendance from arab traders and local women.
 Their business had involved trading groceries between the mainland and the island and to and from Sri lanka, as well as ferrying pilgrims between the mainland and Pamban.
 As a young boy he had to sell newspapers in order to add to the family’s meager income.
 With the opening of the Pamban bridge to the mainland in 1914, however, the businesses failed and the family fortune and properties were lost over time, apart from the ancestral home.

Education

SCHOOL-Schwartz higher secondary school,Ramanathpuram,Tamil Nadu,india.

COLLAGE/UNIVERSITY- ST joseph collage, tiruchirapalli, tamil nadu india madras institute of technology, chrompet,chennai ,tamilnadu.
 

EDUCATIONAL QUALIFICATIONS-

 BACHALOR OF SCIENCE IN PHYSICS FROM SAINT JOSEPHS COLLAGE THE UNIVERSITY OF MADRAS IN 1954,
A DEGREE IN  AEROSPACE ENGINEERING FROM THE MADRAS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY IN 1960.

Career as a scientist

After graduating from the Madras Institute of Technology in 1960, Kalam joined the Aeronautical Development Establishment of the Defence Research and Development Organisation (by Press Information Bureau, Government of India) as a scientist after becoming a member of the Defence Research & Development Service (DRDS). He started his career by designing a small hovercraft, but remained unconvinced by his choice of a job at DRDO.Kalam was also part of the INCOSPAR committee working under Vikram Sarabhai, the renowned space scientist. In 1969, Kalam was transferred to the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) where he was the project director of India's first Satellite Launch Vehicle (SLV-III) which successfully deployed the Rohini satellite in near-earth orbit in July 1980; Kalam had first started work on an expandable rocket project independently at DRDO in 1965. In 1969, Kalam received the government's approval and expanded the programme to include more engineers.

Kalam served as the Chief Scientific Adviser to the Prime Minister and Secretary of the Defence Research and Development Organisation from July 1992 to December 1999. The Pokhran-II nuclear tests were conducted during this period in which he played an intensive political and technological role. Kalam served as the Chief Project Coordinator, along with Rajagopala Chidambaram, during the testing phase. Media coverage of Kalam during this period made him the country's best known nuclear scientist. However, the director of the site test, K Santhanam, said that the thermonuclear bomb had been a "fizzle" and criticised Kalam for issuing an incorrect report. Both Kalam and Chidambaram dismissed the claims.

In 1998, along with cardiologist Soma Raju, Kalam developed a low cost coronary stent, named the "Kalam-Raju Stent". In 2012, the duo designed a rugged tablet computer for health care in rural areas, which was named the "Kalam-Raju Tablet.

Presidency

He was India’s first Bachelor President and a Vegetarian:  Abdul Kalam was the first such President who had never married. He was a muslim by religion and had never eaten meat. He was a pure vegetarian.He was president of India from 2002 to 2007.Two leaders are said to be the favourite of Indian children. People knew Prime Minister Nehru as Chacha Nehru but Kalam was the President who was famous among kids. Children idolised APJ Abdul Kalam and he loved to spend his time among them. Kalam gave the idea of nurturing the youth to build a better India. He was totally into science and motivated the young minds to give themselves to the field.

awards and honours-

2014	Honorary professor	Beijing University, China
2014	Doctor of Science	Edinburgh University, UK
2013	Von Braun Award	National Space Society
2012	Doctor of Laws (Honoris Causa)	Simon Fraser University
2011	IEEE Honorary Membership	IEEE
2010	Doctor of Engineering	University of Waterloo
2009	Honorary Doctorate	Oakland University
2009	Hoover Medal	ASME Foundation, USA
2009	International von Kármán Wings Award	California Institute of Technology, USA
2008	Doctor of Engineering (Honoris Causa)	Nanyang Technological University, Singapore[
2008	Doctor of Science (Honoris Causa)	Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh
2007	Honorary Doctorate of Science and Technology	Carnegie Mellon University
2007	King Charles II Medal	Royal Society, UK
2007	Honorary Doctorate of Science	University of Wolverhampton, UK
2000	Ramanujan Award	Alwars Research Centre, Chennai
1998	Veer Savarkar Award	Government of India
1997	Indira Gandhi Award for National Integration	Indian National Congress
1997	Bharat Ratna	President of India
1995	Honorary Fellow	National Academy of Medical Sciences,
1994	Distinguished Fellow	Institute of Directors (India)
1990	Padma Vibhushan	Government of India
1981	Padma Bhushan	Government of India

FAMOUS BOOK-
Developments in Fluid Mechanics and Space Technology.

Wings of Fire.

Ignited Minds.

Mission India.

Inspiring Thoughts.

Indomitable Spirit.

The Luminous Sparks.

Forge your Future.

death-On 27 July 2015 shilong,india has lost great country man.